Congenital clitoromegaly in an adult

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia causing clitoromegaly.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is caused by congenital insufficiency of the enzyme 21 - hydroxylase (21-OHD) in the cortisol synthesis pathway. Because of the virilizing effects of androgens over-production, affected girls develop clitoral hypertrophy. Three patients with CAH are discussed below along with their surgical management and follow-up.

Persistent unexplained congenital clitoromegaly in females born extremely prematurely

OBJECTIVE Unexplained clitoromegaly is a rare but well recognised feature in girls born premature. Although detected at birth, girls may re-present during childhood to paediatric urologists and gynaecologists who should be aware of this condition. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical findings and management of a series of girls presenting with persistent congenital clitoromegaly as...

Congenital Pulmonary Vein Atresia in an Adult

Congenital left ventricular diverticulum in an adult.

A previously healthy 43-year-old woman presentedwithatypical chest discomfort. On physical examination, no abnormal findings were obtained. The electrocardiogram was not suggestive of ischaemia. Echocardiography revealed an aneurysm extending from the left ventricular posterior wall (Panel C). This pouch showed paradoxical contraction with a relatively thin wall. No thrombus was seen in the lef...

Giant congenital diaphragmatic hernia in an adult

Bochdalek hernia is the most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It appears frequently in infants but rarely in adults. We present the case of a 50-year-old female han patient with tremendous left-sided congenital posterolateral diaphragmatic hernia (Bochdalek hernia) who also has a pair of supernumerary breasts and pulmonary hypoplasia of the lower-left lobe. The patient had an exp...